In areas where there are warmer winters, artichokes are perennials. If the winter weather goes below 25°F, then the crowns can die so they have to be handled as annuals in Pittsburgh, PA.
In order to germinate, artichoke seeds prefer soil temperatures between 65 and 75°F.
Sow the seeds in seed trays 1/4″ deep 2 to 3 months before the last spring frost under grow lights.
Water from below.
Transplant the artichoke seedlings to a 4 inch pot in the grow room once there are a few sets of true leaves.
The key to growing artichokes is to take the seedlings outside for 10 days when the temperature is above freezing and below 50°F. The whole process of getting the artichoke plants acclimated to the cold is so they think they are perennials. This process is called vernalization.
Don’t forget to harden off the seedlings before transplanting in late spring.
According to most seed companies, it is suggested to space the artichoke seedlings about 2 feet apart. Because of the location that I grow artichokes, I space them between 12 and 15 inches apart.
Growing Tips:
Since artichokes like cooler summers, grow them in a location that gets afternoon shade.
Provide compost when planting and balance plant food once a month or as needed.
If you live in a windy area, stake the stem to support the artichoke bud.
Provide a steady amount of water and mulch to keep the roots cool. Artichokes get really thirsty in the heat and when the bud forms. I prefer to use a drip system.
Artichokes are members of the Aster Plant Family and belong to the Flower Buds veggie category.
